Difficulty managing emotions increases risk of video game addiction

For people who find it difficult to manage their emotions, the risk of becoming addicted to computer gaming increases – this shows a new dissertation in psychology. Computer game addiction has recently been classified as a mental illness by the World Health Organization (WHO). If the warning signs are noticed, more people can get help to break unhealthy patterns according to the thesis.

When computer gaming is no longer just a hobby, but escalates to become a problem that negatively affects everyday life, it can be classified as an addiction. In his thesis, Christian Bäcklund has explored the psychology behind computer game addiction. Through four comprehensive studies, the thesis sheds light on how motivations for gaming and difficulties in regulating emotions can contribute to the development of problematic gaming behaviors.

“We see that gambling often fulfills an emotional function for many. For people who have difficulty managing their emotions, gaming can become a way of coping with stress or depression - and this is precisely where the risk of computer game addiction increases,” says Christian Bäcklund, new doctor in psychology at Luleå University of Technology.

In one of the studies, the results showed that depression and difficulties in coping with emotions are strongly linked to symptoms of computer game addiction. Furthermore, motivational factors such as wanting to escape from difficult emotions and being absorbed in a fantasy world were identified as playing a central role in how gaming can become problematic.

“The thesis is a step towards better understanding what drives people to gamble, and how we can help those affected by problem gambling. It is also a reminder that gambling in itself is not harmful, but that it is a matter of context and individual circumstances. A lot of gambling does not automatically have to be problematic, but it is important to distinguish between a high level of involvement in gambling, which can be part of a hobby or social activity, and addiction where gambling leads to tangible negative consequences in life,” says Christian Bäcklund.

Acting on warning signs

The research also points to the importance of raising awareness among parents, schools and other adults who have contact with young gamblers. By understanding the warning signs that may indicate computer game addiction - such as isolating themselves, de-prioritizing other activities, or using games as a strategy to cope with difficult emotions - these groups can act early and provide support to break unhealthy patterns.

In addition to shedding light on risk factors for computer game addiction, Christian Bäcklund has also validated Swedish measurement tools that can be used to assess gaming-related problems and motivation to play computer games. These tools allow researchers and health professionals to identify and treat risk behaviors more reliably. They also facilitate comparisons between different studies, strengthening research in the field and enabling the development of more effective prevention and treatment approaches.

• Read the entire thesis ”The Dark Side of Video Gaming: Gaming Motivations and Emotion Dysregulation in Gaming Disorder” External link, opens in new window.